{"id":15319,"date":"2026-06-26T19:02:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-26T19:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vila.es\/?p=15319"},"modified":"2026-06-26T19:20:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-26T19:20:19","slug":"reorganising-eu-subsidiaries-to-establish-a-base-in-spain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vila.es\/en\/corporate\/reorganising-eu-subsidiaries-to-establish-a-base-in-spain\/","title":{"rendered":"REORGANISING EU SUBSIDIARIES TO ESTABLISH A BASE IN SPAIN"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: right;\"><strong>ES|<a href=\"https:\/\/vila.es\/en\/corporate\/reorganising-eu-subsidiaries-to-establish-a-base-in-spain\/\">EN<\/a>|<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vila.es\/en\/corporate\/reorganising-eu-subsidiaries-to-establish-a-base-in-spain\/\"><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">In recent years, in the context of reorganising European operations, there has been growing interest in rationalising subsidiaries or businesses located in countries such as France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy or Portugal, and concentrating certain functions in Spain. Spain is often considered an attractive option as a European base for several reasons, including a relatively cost-competitive labour market, access to the EU internal market, its affinity with Latin America, and the business environment in cities such as Madrid and Barcelona.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">In these situations, one of the options that may be considered is the cross-border restructuring regime under European Union law. Within the EU, certain types of companies may carry out regulated cross-border operations, such as mergers, divisions and conversions. This framework makes it possible not only to liquidate an existing company and incorporate a new one, but also to carry out a group reorganisation in a more structured manner, while preserving, under certain conditions, legal personality or the succession of rights and obligations.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong> Cross-border restructuring regime in the EU<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">The EU cross-border restructuring regime mainly contemplates the following types of procedures.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">First, cross-border mergers. This is an operation whereby a company incorporated in one EU Member State is absorbed by a company incorporated in another Member State, or several companies are combined to form a new company. For example, a French subsidiary could be absorbed by a Spanish subsidiary, so that the contracts, assets, employees and management functions of the European business are concentrated in the Spanish company.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">Second, cross-border divisions. This type of operation allows all or part of the business, assets and liabilities of a company to be transferred to a company in another Member State. It may be considered where the intention is not to extinguish an existing EU subsidiary entirely, but rather to transfer only a specific business unit or certain assets to a Spanish company. However, it is necessary to verify which specific types of division are available depending on the national laws and regimes of each of the countries involved.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">Third, cross-border conversions. This type of operation allows a company incorporated in one Member State to be converted into a company governed by the law of another Member State, while maintaining its legal personality.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">For example, this could involve converting a company incorporated in another Member State into a Spanish company, such as an S.L. or an S.A., and transferring its registered and legal seat to Spain.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">The most relevant aspect of these mechanisms is that, unlike a simple transfer of assets or the incorporation of a new company, they allow, within certain limits, the continuity of legal personality or the succession of rights and obligations to be structured.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">However, this does not mean that all elements are transferred automatically and unconditionally.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">Matters such as contracts, licences and authorisations, employment, taxation, relationships with financial institutions, personal data, subsidies and specific permits must be analysed on a case-by-case basis.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong> Applicable regime where Spain is involved<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">In Spain, the regime applicable to cross-border restructurings within the EU is mainly regulated by Royal Decree-Law 5\/2023. Under Spanish law, these operations fall within the framework of \u201cstructural modifications\u201d, which includes both domestic and cross-border operations.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">Where Spain is involved, two broad scenarios can be distinguished.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">The first is where Spain acts as the destination State. For example, this would be the case where a subsidiary located in France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal or another EU or EEA State is absorbed by a Spanish company, or where it is converted into a company governed by Spanish law. For Japanese companies seeking to establish their European base in Spain, this is usually the most relevant scenario.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">The second is where Spain acts as the departure State. For example, this would be the case where a Spanish subsidiary is absorbed by a subsidiary located in another EU Member State, or where a Spanish company is converted into a company governed by the law of another Member State.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">Where Spain acts as the destination State, it will normally be necessary to carry out the relevant registration or amendment of registration before the Spanish Commercial Registry. For this purpose, the necessary procedures in the departure State must first have been completed, and the relevant pre-operation certificate must be obtained from the competent authority of that State. On the basis of that certificate, the Spanish commercial registrar will review the requirements under Spanish law, particularly in relation to the corporate form, the articles of association, share capital, employee participation, and the protection of shareholders and creditors.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong> Conclusion<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">The EU cross-border restructuring regime is a relevant option for foreign companies wishing to redesign their European structure. In particular, where a company seeks to reorganise existing subsidiaries within the EU and establish a European base in Spain, the use of mechanisms such as mergers, conversions or divisions may allow the continuity of the business and the succession of rights and obligations to be structured in a more orderly manner than through the simple liquidation of the existing entity and incorporation of a new company in Spain.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">Therefore, when planning the closure of a base in another country and the incorporation of a company in Spain, it is advisable to bear in mind that these corporate reorganisation alternatives may also be available.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That said, this regime should not be understood as a simple mechanism for \u201cmoving\u201d a company to Spain. It is necessary to carry out a cross-functional analysis of matters such as corporate law, commercial registry requirements, taxation, employment law, creditor protection, shareholder protection, contracts, licences and authorisations, among others. In particular, where Spain acts as the destination State, it is advisable to review at an early stage the applicable Spanish corporate form, registration requirements, tax substance, employment structure and the potential application of foreign direct investment rules.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">Satoshi Minami<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">Vil\u00e1 Abogados<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\">For more information please contact:<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">va@vila.es<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">26th of June<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a02026<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ES|EN|\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e In recent years, in the context of reorganising European operations, there has been growing interest in rationalising subsidiaries or businesses located in countries such as France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy or Portugal, and concentrating certain functions in Spain. Spain is often considered an attractive option as a European base for several reasons, including a  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4734,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[73,77,144],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-corporate","category-european-union","category-mergers-and-acquisitions"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>REORGANISING EU SUBSIDIARIES TO ESTABLISH A BASE IN SPAIN - Vil\u00e1 Abogados<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vila.es\/en\/corporate\/reorganising-eu-subsidiaries-to-establish-a-base-in-spain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"REORGANISING EU SUBSIDIARIES TO ESTABLISH A BASE IN SPAIN - Vil\u00e1 Abogados\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ES|EN|\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e In recent years, in the context of reorganising European operations, there has been growing interest in rationalising subsidiaries or businesses located in countries such as France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy or Portugal, and concentrating certain functions in Spain. 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